What is an IT infrastructure security tenet of the CIA triad that counters passive attacks that aim to steal or intercept data?
Confidentiality protects data from unauthorized access, including passive attacks like eavesdropping, wiretapping, and packet sniffing. Encryption, access controls, and secure authentication mechanisms help enforce confidentiality.
Availability ensures uptime and system accessibility.
Integrity ensures data accuracy but does not prevent interception.
Adaptation is not part of the CIA triad.
In order to reduce the risk of insider attacks, a company assigns role-based permissions to its users.
Which network security concept does this scenario address?
Authorization is the process of granting specific access rights and permissions based on user roles. By implementing Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), organizations ensure that users only have access to resources necessary for their job functions, reducing the risk of insider threats.
Authentication verifies identity but does not control access.
Accounting logs activities but does not restrict access.
Availability ensures system uptime but is unrelated to permissions.
An attacker uses malicious software to disable network resources, demanding a ransom to restore access.
Which category describes the purpose of the attack?
This describes a ransomware attack, which falls under denial of availability because it prevents users from accessing their data or systems until a ransom is paid. Attackers use encryption to lock files, disrupting operations.
Data modification refers to unauthorized changes to information.
Data export involves stealing data rather than disabling access.
Launch point describes an attacker's use of a compromised system to attack others.
What is the TCP/IP layer that includes the User Datagram Protocol (UDP)?
The Transport layer in the TCP/IP model includes the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). UDP is a connectionless protocol used for fast, lightweight data transmission where reliability is not the priority (e.g., video streaming, VoIP).
Application layer handles end-user services but not transport mechanisms.
Network or internet layer deals with IP addressing and routing, not UDP.
Physical or network access layer concerns hardware transmission methods.
Which layer of the TCP/IP model includes the Internet Protocol (IP)?
The Network or Internet layer of the TCP/IP model is responsible for addressing, routing, and delivering packets across networks. The Internet Protocol (IP) operates at this layer, ensuring that data is correctly routed from the source to the destination.
Physical or network access layer deals with hardware transmission (e.g., Ethernet, Wi-Fi).
Application layer includes end-user services (e.g., HTTP, FTP).
Transport layer manages data flow using protocols like TCP and UDP but does not handle IP addressing.
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