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Real Estate Licensing Virginia Real Estate Salesperson Exam Questions
- Topic 1: Property Ownership: This section of the exam measures the skills of a Salesperson and covers the understanding of property types, legal descriptions, encumbrances, and different forms of ownership. Candidates are expected to recognize how liens, easements, and rights affect property use and value, as well as how ownership can be structured individually, jointly, or through entities.
- Topic 2: Land Use Controls: This section of the exam measures the skills of a Broker and covers government and private restrictions on land use. It includes zoning rules, property taxes, eminent domain, and deed restrictions, all of which impact how property may be developed or used within the state.
- Topic 3: Valuation: This section of the exam measures the skills of a Salesperson and covers methods used to estimate property value. Candidates are tested on appraisals, the sales comparison approach, the cost approach, income analysis, and the ability to prepare comparative market analyses to guide buyers and sellers.
- Topic 4: Financing: This section of the exam measures the skills of a Broker and covers the principles of real estate lending. It addresses loan types, mortgage terms, government-backed loans, financing laws, and the lending process from application to closing.
- Topic 5: Contracts: This section of the exam measures the skills of a Salesperson and covers general contract law and agreements related to real estate transactions. It includes valid contract elements, enforceability, purchase and lease agreements, contingencies, amendments, and the proper handling of multiple offers.
- Topic 6: Agency: This section of the exam measures the skills of a Broker and covers the formation of agency relationships, types of representation agreements, fiduciary duties, and disclosure requirements. Candidates must demonstrate understanding of agency termination, conflicts of interest, and responsibilities toward clients and customers.
- Topic 7: Property Disclosures: This section of the exam measures the skills of a Salesperson and covers disclosure responsibilities regarding property condition, environmental issues, and material facts. It emphasizes compliance with state and federal rules to ensure buyers and tenants receive accurate information about the property.
- Topic 8: Property Management: This section of the exam measures the skills of a Broker and covers the duties of property managers in tenant selection, fair housing compliance, lease agreements, financial handling, maintenance oversight, and the responsibilities defined in property management contracts.
- Topic 9: Transfer of Title: This section of the exam measures the skills of a Salesperson and covers the transfer of real estate ownership. It reviews deed types, title insurance, closing procedures, settlement practices, and special cases such as foreclosures, probate, and short sales.
- Topic 10: Practice of Real Estate: This section of the exam measures skills of a Broker and covers professional duties, antidiscrimination laws, advertising rules, antitrust regulations, confidentiality, and supervisory responsibilities. It also includes the correct handling of client funds and adherence to ethical standards.
Free Real Estate Licensing Virginia Real Estate Salesperson Exam Actual Questions
Note: Premium Questions for Virginia Real Estate Salesperson were last updated On Feb. 20, 2026 (see below)
In Virginia, agents practicing no agency (transaction coordinators) are sometimes referred to as:
In Virginia, agency law recognizes several forms of representation that real estate licensees may provide. These include standard agency, dual agency, and limited service agency. But Virginia also allows licensees to operate in a capacity where they provide no agency representation to either party.
No Agency (also called ''Independent Contractor'' or ''Facilitator/Transaction Coordinator'')
When a licensee assists in a real estate transaction without representing either the buyer or the seller, they are said to be practicing ''no agency.''
In this capacity, the licensee does not advocate for either side but may assist with paperwork, communication, and coordination of the transaction.
In Virginia, such licensees are sometimes referred to as intermediaries.
Why not the other options?
Single Agent (A): A single agent represents only one party (buyer or seller) in the transaction with full fiduciary duties. This is the most common agency relationship.
Dual Agent (C): A dual agent represents both buyer and seller in the same transaction with limited duties to each. This is a recognized but restricted practice in Virginia.
Appraiser (D): An appraiser is a licensed professional who provides valuation services and is not acting as an agent or intermediary in the transaction.
Because Mindy's question specifies no agency, the correct Virginia terminology aligns with ''intermediary.''
Reference (without URLs):
Code of Virginia, Title 54.1, Chapter 21 -- Real Estate Brokers, Salespersons, and Rental Location Agents ( 54.1-2130 et seq.) (defining agency and non-agency relationships)
Real Estate Board Regulations (18 VAC 135-20-10 Definitions; 18 VAC 135-20-300 Standards of Conduct)
Virginia Real Estate Principles & Practices -- discussion on transaction coordinators/intermediaries and their duties under no-agency status
The title of a fee simple determinable estate reverts automatically if title conditions are violated. How do fee simple condition subsequent estates compare?
A fee simple determinable estate automatically reverts to the grantor if the condition is violated (e.g., ''so long as the land is used as a park''). No legal action is required.
A fee simple subject to condition subsequent estate, however, requires the grantor to take legal action (such as filing for repossession) if the condition is violated (e.g., ''on the condition that the land is used as a park; if not, the grantor has the right of reentry'').
Thus, the distinction is automatic reversion vs. reversion only through legal action.
Reference (Virginia Real Estate):
Virginia Real Estate Principles -- Estates in Land section
Norah just purchased a warehouse with dimensions of 25 ft. by 15 ft. She wants to carpet the floor. How many square YARDS of carpet does she need?
Reference (Virginia Real Estate):
Virginia Real Estate Math section
A490-02REGS.pdf -- Math competency for licensure
In Virginia, what is the difference between the REB and theFHB?
In Virginia, two separate bodies manage different aspects of housing regulation and enforcement:
Real Estate Board (REB): The REB, operating under the Virginia Department of Professional and Occupational Regulation (DPOR), is responsible for regulating and enforcing real estate laws and regulations related to licensed real estate professionals. This includes education, licensure, conduct, disciplinary action, and fair housing compliance specifically for licensees (e.g., salespersons and brokers).
Authority Source: Title 54.1, Chapter 21 of the Code of Virginia.
Regulatory oversight: Violations of fair housing law by real estate licensees (salespersons or brokers) are investigated and enforced by the REB.
Fair Housing Board (FHB): The FHB, also under DPOR but functioning independently from the REB, is tasked with enforcing Virginia's Fair Housing Law (outside of licensee jurisdiction). This includes addressing violations by:
Unlicensed individuals
Property owners
Landlords and property managers who are not licensed real estate professionals
Other entities not subject to REB regulation
This clear division ensures that real estate licensees are held accountable by the REB, while the FHB addresses violations by those not regulated through licensure.
Reference (without URLs):
Virginia Code 54.1-2105 (Regulation and enforcement powers of the Real Estate Board)
Virginia Fair Housing Law: Title 36, Chapter 5.1 of the Code of Virginia
Real Estate Regulations (18 VAC 135-20-10 et seq.)
DPOR Guidance and Organizational Structure (as outlined in the A490-02REGS.pdf document)
Your client is buying a home. At closing, they pull you aside and whisper that the documents they're being asked to sign don't match the Closing Disclosure - suddenly, there are thousands of dollars of new fees. Is this a red flag for predatory lending? Why or why not?
Under the TRID Rule (TILA-RESPA Integrated Disclosure), lenders must provide borrowers with a Closing Disclosure (CD) at least 3 business days before closing.
The numbers on the CD and closing documents must match (with very limited tolerance ranges).
Significant last-minute fee increases are a red flag for predatory lending or RESPA/TILA violations.
The client should not sign until discrepancies are resolved.
Reference (Virginia Real Estate & Federal Law):
TRID (12 CFR 1026.19(f))
Virginia Real Estate Principles -- Financing and Settlement section
A490-02REGS.pdf -- Loan closing requirements
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