What if someone told you about a kind of grass that grows as tall as the tallest trees? Agrass that can be made as strong as steel? A grass from which houses, furniture, boats, andhundreds of other useful things can be made? A grass that you would even enjoy eating?Would you believe that person? You should, for that grass is bamboo, the ''wood'' of1,001 uses.Bamboo may look like wood, but it is part of the family of plants that includes wheat,oats, and barley. It is a kind of grass. This grass is not just a material for making usefulproducts. Young bamboo is eaten, often mixed with other vegetables, in many Asianfoods.Bamboo grows in many parts of the world. In the United States it grows in an area fromVirginia west to Indiana and south to Florida, Louisiana, and Texas. Most bamboo,however, is found in warm, wet climates, especially in Asia and on the islands of theSouth Pacific Ocean.In most Asian countries, bamboo is nearly as important as rice. Many Asians live inbamboo houses. They sit on bamboo chairs and sleep on bamboo mats. They fence theirland with bamboo and use the wood for cages for chickens and pigs.Bamboo is used to build large buildings as well as homes. When it is glued in layers, itbecomes as strong as steel. On some islands in the South Pacific, bamboo is even used forwater pipes. This extraordinary material has many other uses. It is used to make musicalinstruments, such as flutes and recorders. Paper made from bamboo has been highlyprized by artists for thousands of years.Bamboo is light and strong, and it bends without breaking. It is cheap, floats on water,almost never wears out, and is easy to grow. Nothing else on earth grows quite so fast asbamboo. At times you can even see it grow! Botanists have recorded growths of morethan three feet in just twenty-four hours! Bamboo is hollow and has a strong root systemthat almost never stops growing and spreading. In fact, only after it flowers, an event thatmay happen only once every thirty years, will bamboo die.There are more than a thousand kinds of bamboo. The smallest is only three inches tall andone-tenth of an inch across. The largest reaches more than two hundred feet in height andseven inches in diameter. No wonder, then, that the lives of nearly half the people on earthwould change enormously if there were no longer any bamboo. No wonder, too, that tomany people bamboo is a symbol of happiness and good fortune.What is the main idea of this passage?
The village of Vestmannaeyjar, in the far northern country of Iceland, is as bright andclean and up-to-date as any American or Canadian suburb. It is located on the island ofHeimaey, just off the mainland. One January night in 1973, however, householders wereshocked from their sleep. In some backyards red-hot liquid was spurting from the ground.Flaming ''skyrockets'' shot up and over the houses. The island's volcano, Helgafell, silentfor seven thousand years, was violently erupting!
Luckily, the island's fishing fleet was in port, and within twenty-four hours almosteveryone was ferried to the mainland. But then the agony of the island began in earnest.As in a nightmare, fountains of burning lava spurted three hundred feet high. Black,baseball-size cinders rained down. An evil-smelling, eye-burning, throat-searing cloud ofsmoke and gas erupted into the air, and a river of lava flowed down the mountain. Theconstant shriek of escaping steam was punctuated by ear-splitting explosions.As time went on, the once pleasant village of Vestmannaeyjar took on a weird aspect. Itsstreet lamps still burning against the long Arctic night, the town lay under a thick blanketof cinders. All that could be seen above the ten-foot black drifts were the tips of streetsigns. Some houses had collapsed under the weight of cinders; others had burst intoflames as the heat ignited their oil storage tanks. Lighting the whole lurid scene, firecontinued to shoot from the mouth of the looming volcano.The eruption continued for six months. Scientists and reporters arrived from around theworld to observe the awesome natural event. But the town did not die that easily. In July,when the eruption ceased, the people of Heimaey Island returned to assess the chances ofrebuilding their homes and lives. They found tons of ash covering the ground. TheIcelanders are a tough people, however, accustomed to the strange and violent nature oftheir Arctic land. They dug out their homes. They even used the cinders to build newroads and airport runways. Now the new homes of Heimaey are warmed from water pipesheated by molten lava.
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