SQL injection is a common online threat that targets databases through malicious SQL queries, potentially allowing attackers to access and manipulate database content. Properly configured databases and well-written website code are essential defenses against SQL injection attacks. Ensuring that databases are configured with least privilege access, using parameterized queries, and employing input validation are standard best practices to protect against SQL injection. Pharming (A), malware execution (C), and system modification (D) are different types of threats that require different mitigation strategies. The emphasis on securing databases and writing secure code to prevent SQL injection is well-documented in security guidelines from the Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) and other cybersecurity frameworks referenced by the IAPP.