By default, what do Kafka broker network connections have?
By default, Kafka brokers use the PLAINTEXT protocol for network communication. This means:
No encryption -- data is sent in plain text.
No authentication -- any client can connect without verifying identity.
No authorization -- there are no access control checks by default.
Security features like TLS, SASL, and ACLs must be explicitly configured.
Why does Kafka use ZooKeeper? (Choose two.)
ZooKeeper stores metadata such as partition leadership and ISR (in-sync replicas), which brokers use to coordinate.
Kafka uses ZooKeeper to perform leader election for the Controller broker, which manages cluster metadata and leadership changes.
You have a cluster with a topic t1 that already has uncompressed messages. A new Producer starts sending messages to t1 with compression enabled.
Which condition would allow this?
Kafka allows mixed compression formats within the same topic and even the same partition. Each message batch includes metadata indicating whether and how it is compressed. Therefore, a new producer can send compressed messages to a topic that already contains uncompressed messages, as long as it is configured with a compression codec (e.g., compression.type=gzip, snappy, etc.).
Which property in broker configuration specifies that a broker belongs to a particular rack?
Which property in broker configuration specifies that a broker belongs to a particular rack?
The broker.rack property is used in a Kafka broker's configuration to specify the rack or availability zone the broker belongs to. This is important for rack-aware replica placement, allowing Kafka to distribute replicas across different racks for fault tolerance.
You have a cluster with a topic t1 that already has uncompressed messages. A new Producer starts sending messages to t1 with compression enabled.
Which condition would allow this?
Kafka allows mixed compression formats within the same topic and even the same partition. Each message batch includes metadata indicating whether and how it is compressed. Therefore, a new producer can send compressed messages to a topic that already contains uncompressed messages, as long as it is configured with a compression codec (e.g., compression.type=gzip, snappy, etc.).
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