An analyst is configuring a security information and event management system to capture fileless malware execution events.
Which of the following log files requires additional configuration to accomplish this task?
The Microsoft-Windows-PowerShell/Operational log is the appropriate source because PowerShell is commonly involved in script-based and memory-oriented attack activity, including techniques associated with fileless malware. The key requirement in the question is ''requires additional configuration'': advanced PowerShell telemetry such as Script Block Logging must be enabled to provide the detailed execution visibility required by a SIEM.
Microsoft documents that enabling Script Block Logging causes PowerShell to record processed commands, functions, scripts, and script blocks in the Microsoft-Windows-PowerShell/Operational channel. In Windows PowerShell, Script Block Logging generates Event ID 4104, which contains script-block content and can provide valuable evidence when investigating malicious PowerShell execution. Microsoft also specifically identifies malicious PowerShell scripts as a post-exploitation technique associated with fileless attack activity.
The DPAPI operational log concerns cryptographic data-protection activity. UserPnp/DeviceInstall relates to device installation events, while TerminalServices-LocalSessionManager provides Remote Desktop and terminal-session telemetry. Those sources can be valuable during investigations but are not the primary log channel for capturing PowerShell-based fileless execution.
Study Guide Reference: Security Operations Logging and Monitoring Windows Event Logs PowerShell Logging Event ID 4104 Script Block Logging Fileless Malware Detection.
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