Which of the following characteristics is closely associated with informal groups but not associated with formal groups?
Informal groups are created naturally and organically within an organization to fulfill the social needs of individuals. These groups are not defined by the organizational structure and are not directed towards organizational goals, but rather towards the personal and social fulfillment of their members. Informal groups can have both positive and negative impacts on the organization, but they are primarily characterized by their social interaction purpose.
Employee A noticed that Employee B was late for work, and A's perception of why B was late will determine what action A takes in this situation.
Considering attribution theory, which factors will determine A's perception regarding whether B's behavior was internally or externally caused?
Select one.
According to attribution theory, three factors determine whether an observer attributes behavior to internal or external causes: distinctiveness, consensus, and consistency.
Distinctiveness: Whether the individual behaves differently in different situations.
Consensus: Whether others in the same situation behave similarly.
Consistency: Whether the individual behaves the same way over time.
Employee A's perception of why Employee B was late would depend on these three factors. For example, if Employee B is rarely late (high distinctiveness), if many other employees were also late (high consensus), and if Employee B is usually punctual (high consistency), Employee A might attribute the lateness to an external cause such as traffic or weather conditions.
What is one of the six primary characteristics that define an organization's culture?
Aggressiveness is one of the six primary characteristics that define an organization's culture. It refers to the degree to which employees are aggressive and competitive rather than easygoing. This characteristic influences how organizational goals are pursued and how competitive the organization is within its industry.
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2017). Organizational Behavior (17th ed.). Pearson.
Cameron, K. S., & Quinn, R. E. (2011). Diagnosing and Changing Organizational Culture: Based on the Competing Values Framework (3rd ed.). Jossey-Bass.
What is an advantage of a strong organizational culture?
Select one.
A strong organizational culture is characterized by a high degree of shared values and norms, which guides employee behavior and decision-making. This leads to high behavioral control within the organization, as employees know what is expected of them and conform to the established norms. High behavioral control helps in maintaining consistency and predictability in employee actions, which supports organizational goals and enhances overall performance.
What is a disadvantage of group decision making?
Select one.
Groupthink is a disadvantage of group decision-making where the desire for harmony and conformity in the group leads to irrational or dysfunctional decision-making outcomes. Members suppress dissenting opinions, leading to a lack of critical evaluation of alternatives and potentially poor decisions.
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