A laboring client presents with a prolapsed cord. The nurse should immediately place the client in what position?
(A) Reverse Trendelenburg position increases pressure on the perineum. This position will not relieve cord pressure. (B) Fowler's position increases perineal pressure. Cord pressure would not be relieved. (C) Trendelenburg position will decrease perineal pressure. Cord compression will be decreased and increase in fetal blood flow occurs. (D) Sims' position does not relieve pressure on cord or perineum.
A husband and wife and their two children, age 9 and age 5, are requesting family therapy. Which of the following strategies is most therapeutic for the nurse to use during the initial interaction with a family?
(A) One will always hear what the most vocal person has to say. It is best to start with the quietest family member to encourage that person to express emotions. (B) All family members are encouraged to speak for themselves. (C) In the initial family assessment, only data collection occurs; interpretations are made later. (D) Allowing family members to choose their own seats will assist the nurse in assessing the family system and in determining who feels closer to whom.
After an infant is delivered by cesarean delivery and placed on the warmer, the RN dries and assesses the infant. At 1 and 5 minutes after birth, the RN does the Apgar scoring of the infant. The RN knows that because this infant was delivered by cesarean section, he is at increased risk for having which one of the following:
(A) The infant is placed on the warmer and dried after birth. Cold stress occurs when the infant is not dried and kept warm. (B) The fact that this infant was born by cesarean delivery does not place him at a greater risk for cyanosis than an infant delivered vaginally. Cyanosis occurs when infants cannot oxygenate their blood after the umbilical cord is severed. (C) Infants born by cesarean delivery are at a higher risk for developing respiratory distress syndrome because these infants do not pass through the pelvis, where the chest is compressed and fluid is able to escape from the lungs. (D) Cesarean-delivered infants are not at greater risk for seizures than infants delivered vaginally.
A client is being discharged with albuterol (Proventil) and beclomethasone dipropionate (Vanceril) to be administered via inhalation three times a day and at bedtime. Client teaching regarding the sequential order in which the drugs should be administered includes:
(A) The client would not receive therapeutic effects of the glucocorticoid when it is inhaled through constricted airways. (B) Bronchodilating the airways first allows for the glucocorticoid to be inhaled through open airways and increases the penetration of the steroid for maximum effectiveness of the drug. (C) Inac- Inaccurate use of the inhalers will lead to decreased effectiveness of the treatment. (D) Client teaching regarding the use and effects of inhalers will promote client understanding and compliance.
A female client at 36 weeks' gestation has been treated successfully for premature labor for 4 weeks. She has begun having uterine contractions today and has been admitted to the labor and delivery suite. Her amniocentesis results reveal a lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio of 2 and positive phosphatidylglycerol (PG). These lab values indicate:
(A) Placental maturity is assessed by a biophysical profile. (B) L/S ratio and presence of phosphatidylglycerol are not used to determine fetal asphyxia. A biophysical profile score of6 may indicate this condition. (C) Cord compression is not reflected by the L/S ratio or presence of phosphatidylglycerol. Variable decelerations observed through electronic fetal monitoring could reflect umbilical cord compression. (D) An L/S ratio>2 and the presence of phosphatidylglycerol in amniotic fluid indicate fetal lung maturity.
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