An 18-year-old female is referred to a dermatologist for treatment of severe acne vulgaris. The dermatologist wants to start her on tetracycline.
What test should the patient have prior to starting treatment?
Pregnancy test. Tetracyclines are effective in the treatment of severe cases of acne. They are however teratogenic. As such, it is imperative to make sure female patients are not pregnant prior to starting this medication. In many instances patients are started on concurrent birth control to mitigate this risk even further.
A chest x-ray (B) is an important exam to obtain prior to starting drugs which have pulmonary toxicity as a side effect such as amiodarone. A complete blood count (C) would be useful prior to starting a medication that causes anemia, such as immunosuppressive and chemotherapeutic agents. Liver function tests (D) are important to establish as a baseline prior to starting anti-mycobacterial agents. Creatine kinase levels (E) are used to establish as a baseline prior to starting statins.
Which of the following would be most appropriate to treat stenotrophomonas maltophilia?
Primary treatment for stenotrophomonas maltophilia is SMX-TMP. Meropenem, ciprofloxacin, and vancomycin have no coverage.
Alteplase is ordered for a 72 YOM who weighs 68kg for Ischemic stroke. The ER physician would like you to dose. As an ER pharmacist you know the dose is 0.9 mg/kg IV (not to exceed 90 mg); give 10% of the total dose as an IV bolus over 1 minute, then give the remaining 90% as an IV infusion over 60 minutes. After reconstitution, the concentration of Altaplace is 1mg/ml. How many ml is needed for the bolus and how many ml is needed for the infusion? Round to the nearest ml.
68kg 0.9mg/kg = 61.2mg dose 1mg/mL = 61.2mL 61.2mg 0.1 = 6mL IV bolus 61.2mg 0.9 = 55mL IV over 60 minutes
Your patient, a 25-year-old G1P0 female at 26 weeks gestation presents due to an abnormal glucose tolerance test. One week prior, she was given 50 g of oral glucose and demonstrate a venous plasma glucose level of 156 mg/dL one hour later.
Which of the following is the most appropriate next step of management?
Gestational diabetes is typically asymptomatic but identified via a 1-hour 50g oral glucose challenge administered at 24--28 weeks of gestation. A venous plasma glucose blood level of > 140 mg/dL is suggestive, and must be confirmed with a 3-hour 100g oral glucose tolerance test. After administration of the 100g glucose challenge, at least two of the following are required for diagnosis: (1) fasting glucose > 95 mg/dL, (2) one-hour glucose >180 mg/dL, (3) two hour glucose >155 mg/dL, and (4) three hour glucose > 140 mg/dL. Choice A --
To diagnose gestational diabetes, a positive 1-hour 50g oral glucose challenge must be followed up by a three-hour 100g oral glucose challenge. The diagnosis is only confirmed after both challenges are completed and the thresholds are met. Choice C -- Following the diagnosis of gestational diabetes, the first step is strict glycemic control (fasting glucose).
An order is received to start Milrinone at 0.75mcg/kg/min, Milrinone comes as 20mg/100ml D5W. What is the infusion rate in mL/hr? Patient weighs 115kg.
Patient dose: 0.75mcg 115kg = 86.25mcg/min (100mL/20mg) (86.25mcg/1hr) (60min/1hr) (1mg/1000mcg) = 25.875mL/hr Rate of infusion of Milrinone
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