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In an adequately powered, randomized controlled trial conducted over 2 years, the desired clinical outcome (i.e. prevention of a serious cardiovascular event) with a new drug is achieved in 25% of the study sample. In the patients who receive a placebo, only 15% obtain the same clinical benefit. The relative risk reduction achieved with the new drug over the study period is:
Suggested Answer: B
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39 comments · newest first
LA
Lauran
10 months ago
I thought it would be higher, honestly.
PE
Pearly
11 months ago
Totally agree, 10% makes sense with those numbers!
MA
Margret
11 months ago
Wait, how is it only 10%? Seems low for a new drug.
KE
Kenneth
11 months ago
That’s a 10% relative risk reduction!
BE
Bernardine
11 months ago
The new drug has a 25% success rate, placebo is 15%.
FR
Frederica
12 months ago
I think the relative risk reduction is calculated as (control event rate - treatment event rate) / control event rate. So maybe it's 50%?
GA
Gail
12 months ago
I feel like the answer might be around 40%, but I can't recall the exact formula we used for relative risk reduction.
TA
Tamra
12 months ago
This reminds me of a practice question where we had to find the difference in event rates. I think we subtract the placebo rate from the treatment rate first.
CA
Cary
1 year ago
I remember we calculated relative risk reduction in class, but I'm not entirely sure how to apply it here.
GE
Gerardo
1 year ago
Wait, I'm confused. Isn't the relative risk reduction supposed to be a percentage? How do I convert this to a percentage?
NA
Natalie
1 year ago
No problem, I've got this. The relative risk reduction is just (control event rate - treatment event rate) / control event rate. So it's (15% - 25%) / 15% = 40%.
DE
Devorah
1 year ago
I'm a little unsure about how to calculate the relative risk reduction here. Do I need to do some kind of statistical test or can I just do a simple calculation?
DO
Dorathy
1 year ago
Hmm, this seems straightforward enough. I just need to plug the numbers into the formula for relative risk reduction and see which answer choice matches.
PH
Phyliss
1 year ago
Okay, let me think this through. The question is asking for the relative risk reduction, which is the difference in the event rates between the treatment and placebo groups. I need to calculate that based on the given information.
TA
Tambra
1 year ago
Ugh, I knew this one would be tricky. At least I can eliminate the wrong answers and narrow it down. Relative risk reduction, not absolute risk - got it, thanks Yuonne!
SA
Samuel
1 year ago
D) 40%.
AU
Audry
1 year ago
C) 25%.
OZ
Ozell
1 year ago
B) 15%.
MA
Marg
1 year ago
A) 10%.
AL
Altha
1 year ago
I was going to say E) 50%, but now I see my mistake. Relative risk reduction is not the same as absolute risk reduction. Silly me, I should have paid more attention in class.
JA
Jamal
1 year ago
Definitely D) 40%. I'm glad I reviewed the relative risk reduction concept before the exam. It's a common question type in these kinds of trials.
PA
Pamella
1 year ago
D) 40%.
XE
Xenia
1 year ago
C) 25%.
SK
Skye
1 year ago
B) 15%.
DE
Deonna
1 year ago
A) 10%.
EL
Elvis
1 year ago
I was thinking the same, Yuonne. The relative risk reduction formula is straightforward, and the numbers provided make it a simple calculation.
DE
Denise
1 year ago
C) 25%
JA
Jaclyn
1 year ago
B) 15%
TI
Timothy
1 year ago
A) 10%
YU
Yuonne
1 year ago
I think the answer is D) 40%. The relative risk reduction is the difference in the event rate between the treatment and placebo groups, divided by the event rate in the placebo group. In this case, it's (25% - 15%) / 15% = 0.4 or 40%.
MA
Malcolm
1 year ago
I agree with the explanation, it is indeed D) 40%.
KI
Kizzy
1 year ago
That makes sense, the relative risk reduction is calculated by comparing the event rates between the treatment and placebo groups.
AN
Andrew
1 year ago
I'm pretty sure it's A) 10%.
OM
Omega
1 year ago
I agree, the answer is D) 40%.
TH
Thea
1 year ago
I think it's actually E) 50%.
ME
Melynda
1 year ago
I believe the answer is D) 40%.
EL
Ellen
2 years ago
I'm not sure, but I think the answer might be D) 40% because the difference between 25% and 15% is 10%, which is 40% of 25%.
DA
Daren
2 years ago
I agree with Ruth, the relative risk reduction is 25% because the new drug achieved a 10% higher clinical outcome compared to the placebo.
RU
Ruth
2 years ago
I think the answer is C) 25%.