What are three well-known mandatory BGP attributes? (Choose three.)
https://www.catchpoint.com/bgp-monitoring/bgp-attributes
BGP Attribute Categories
There are four categories of BGP attributes:
Well-known mandatory:Recognized by all BGP peers, passed to all peers, and present in all Update messages. Well-known mandatory attributes include:- Next-hop- Origin- AS PATH
Well-known discretionary:Recognized by all routers, passed to all peers, and optionally included in the Update message. Well-known discretionary attributes include:- Local Preference- Atomic Aggregate
Optional transitive:Possibly recognized by BGP routers and passed to BGP peers. Optional transitive attributes are marked as partial when not recognized. Optional transitive attributes include:- Aggregator- Community
Optional non-transitive:Possibly recognized by BGP routers but not passed to peers. Optional non-transitive attributes include:- Multi-exit discriminator (MED)- Originator ID- Cluster-ID
The three well-known mandatory BGP attributes that must be present in every BGP update message are:
Next Hop: Indicates the next hop IP address to reach the advertising BGP peer.
Origin: Indicates how the route was originated, whether it was via IGP, EGP, or incomplete.
AS Path: Lists the autonomous systems that the update has traversed.
Juniper Networks Technical Documentation on BGP Attributes
Which two statements are correct about IS-IS interface metrics? (Choose two.)
metric---Metric value. Range: 1 through 63, or 1 through 16,777,215 (if you have configured wide metrics) Default: 10 (for all interfaces except lo0), 0 (for the lo0 interface)
Exhibit button

Which two statements are correct about the service provider MPLS network shown in the exhibit? (Choose two.)
In MPLS, multiple paths can be merged if they share the same egress router. In the given scenario, traffic from Network 1 to Network 3 and Network 4 can be engineered to follow the same label-switched path (LSP) within the MPLS network until they reach the last common point before diverging to their respective destinations.
As for R3 performing label operations, in a typical MPLS network, intermediate routers (like R3) perform label swapping. They replace the incoming label with a new label before forwarding the packet along the LSP. A label pop operation is typically performed by the egress router in the case of an ultimate hop pop (UHP), where it removes the MPLS label before delivering the packet to the final destination outside the MPLS domain.
Juniper Networks Technical Documentation on MPLS
Understanding MPLS Label Operations (Swap, Push, and Pop) - Juniper Networks
What are two bridging concepts that are used to maintain an Ethernet switching table? (Choose two.)
In Ethernet switching, learning and aging are two fundamental concepts for maintaining a dynamic Ethernet switching table (also known as a MAC address table). Learning is the process by which switches listen for frames and learn the MAC addresses by associating them with the incoming port. Aging is the mechanism that ensures the switch updates its table by removing MAC addresses that have not been seen for a certain amount of time (aging time).
Juniper documentation on Ethernet switching: Understanding Ethernet Switching on Junos OS Devices
Which two statements are correct about IS-IS? (Choose two.)
A Level 1 router can become adjacent with the Level 1 and Level 1-2 (L1/L2) router. A Level 2 router can become adjacent with Level 2 or Level 1-2 (L1/L2) router. There is no adjacency between L1 only and L2 only router. HOWEVER: If two routers are in different areas, they can only form a Level 2 adjacency. As such, two routers in different areas can NOT form a Level 1 adjacency. If you want two routers to form a Level 1 adjacency, they have to be in the same area.
IS-IS (Intermediate System to Intermediate System) operates at two levels: Level 1 and Level 2. Level 1 routers are only aware of their own area's topology, while Level 2 routers have knowledge of the topology across areas. A Level 1 router cannot form an adjacency with a Level 2 router unless the Level 2 router is also operating as a Level 1 router (Level 1-2 router). Level 2 routers can form adjacencies regardless of their area IDs because Level 2 operates at the domain level and is used to interconnect different IS-IS areas.
Juniper Networks Technical Documentation on IS-IS
IS-IS Levels and Areas Explanation - Juniper Networks
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