Below is the pseudo-code for the Win program:
The bingo program contains a data flow anomaly. Which data flow anomaly can be found in this program?
The pseudo-code provided for the 'Win' program reads in variables A, B, C, and D. However, only variables A, B, and C are used in the conditional statements to determine if the output will be 'Win' or 'Loose'. Variable 'D' is never used after it is read, which is a classic example of a 'defined but not used' data flow anomaly. This means that while there is an instruction to read a value into variable 'D', there is no subsequent use of this variable in the program's logic or output.
Within an embedded software project, the maintainability of the software is considered to be critical. It has been decided to use static analysis on each delivered software component.
Which of the following metrics is NOT a maintainability metric typically used with static analysis?
Maintainability metrics typically used with static analysis include measures that reflect the complexity and understandability of the code, such as Number of Lines of Code (LOC), Number of Function Calls, and Comment Frequency. These metrics help in assessing how easily the software can be understood, modified, and maintained. Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF), on the other hand, is a reliability metric. It measures the time elapsed between inherent failures of a system during operation. MTBF is used to predict the system's reliability and is not directly related to the maintainability of the code. Reliability metrics like MTBF would be used in the testing phase to measure the operational reliability of the system rather than during static analysis for maintainability assessment.
You are involved in testing a system in the medical domain. Testing needs to comply with the FDA requirements and is rated as being safety critical. A product risk assessment has been performed and various mitigation actions have been identified. Reliability testing is one of the test types that needs to be performed throughout the development lifecycle.
Based on the information provided, which of the following activities would need to be addressed in the test plan?
In the context of safety-critical systems, particularly in the medical domain, reliability is of utmost importance. For such systems, it is crucial to ensure that the software can handle unexpected input values and continue to operate without failure. This is essential to ensure patient safety and compliance with FDA requirements. Vulnerability scans (option A) are more related to security testing, whereas scalability (option C) and installation/de-installation (option D) are important but not specifically related to the reliability and safety criticality of the system in the medical domain.
A new reusable software component that handles sensor management has been developed. It will be used in manufacturing processes that work at SIL 2 and avionics systems where failure could lead to a "major" incident. The code contains no loops but does contain decisions with multiple conditions. Which of the following would be the BEST structure-based testing option for the new software?
Context of the Problem:
The software component handles sensor management.
It is used in manufacturing processes that work at SIL 2 and avionics systems.
Failure could lead to a 'major' incident.
The code contains decisions with multiple conditions and no loops.
Safety Integrity Level (SIL) 2:
SIL 2 indicates that the software must adhere to stringent safety standards.
Avionics systems also require high safety standards due to the potential consequences of failure.
Testing Options:
MC/DC (Modified Condition/Decision Coverage):
MC/DC is essential for high-integrity and safety-critical systems like avionics.
Ensures each condition in a decision has been shown to independently affect the outcome.
Required by standards such as DO-178C for avionics software at certain levels.
API Coverage:
Focuses on testing the interfaces between components.
Important but not sufficient alone for high-integrity, safety-critical systems.
Decision Coverage:
Ensures that each decision point (i.e., if statements) is evaluated as both true and false.
Less comprehensive than MC/DC for safety-critical applications.
Statement Coverage:
Ensures that each statement in the code has been executed at least once.
Basic level of coverage, insufficient for safety-critical systems like those at SIL 2.
Best Option:
Given the high safety requirements (SIL 2, major incident potential), MC/DC coverage is the best option. It provides a thorough level of testing needed to meet safety standards.
You are working for a video game manufacturer You have a new title being released Market interest in the product is at an all time high and everyone in the company has been promised huge bonuses if the launch is successful You are responsible for portability testing Which area, m particular should you emphasize in your testing?
In portability testing for a video game that is anticipated to be highly popular, the key area to emphasize is installability. This involves ensuring that the game can be successfully installed across different platforms and configurations that potential players might use. Focusing on installability helps minimize technical barriers to entry, crucial for a successful launch and widespread adoption of the game .
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