Which of the following port states are included in Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP)?
RSTP (Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol) combines the Blocking, Listening, and Disabled states into Discarding, reducing the number of states to Discarding, Learning, and Forwarding. RSTP does not use a separate Listening state, as in standard STP. (Reference: HCIA-Datacom Training Material, RSTP Port States)
A switch needs to forward a frame with the destination MAC address 5489-98EC-F011. Refer to the display mac-address command output. Which of the following statements is true?
The MAC address table does not contain an entry for 5489-98EC-F011.
When a switch receives a frame with an unknown destination MAC address, it performs flooding.
Flooding sends the frame out of all interfaces except the one it was received on.
A (Incorrect): The switch does not discard unknown frames; it floods them.
B (Incorrect): No request is sent; flooding occurs instead.
D (Incorrect): ICMP is used for network-layer (IP) communication, not Ethernet switching.
Thus, the correct answer is C (Floods the frame on all interfaces except the incoming one).
Refer to the captured three packets shown in the figure. Which of the following statements is false?
A (Correct): The client initiates the connection using a random source port (50190).
B (Correct): The packets show the TCP three-way handshake (SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK).
C (Incorrect): The client initiates the connection (10.0.12.1), and the server responds (10.0.12.2), so the roles are reversed in this statement.
D (Correct): The handshake packets contain no application-layer data, only TCP control flags.
Thus, the correct answer is C (False Statement).
What is the TPID value defined by IEEE 802.1Q?
TPID (Tag Protocol Identifier) is a field in the VLAN tag that identifies 802.1Q-tagged frames.
The correct TPID value for 802.1Q is 0x8100.
0x9100 (B) is used for Q-in-Q (double tagging).
0x7200 (A) and 0x8200 (D) are incorrect values.
Thus, the correct answer is C (0x8100).
(Which of the following statements about IPv6 anycast addresses are true?)
IPv6 Anycast Address Characteristics:
Option A: True. Packets are delivered to the nearest interface based on routing distance.
Option B: False. Anycast addresses are not designed for load balancing.
Option C: True. Anycast addresses share the same address space as unicast.
Option D: True. Anycast provides redundancy by allowing multiple endpoints to share the same address.
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