MENU
Which of the following statements about the EU's Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) and its predecessor, the Non-Financial Reporting Directive (NFRD), are correct? Select all options that apply.
The Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) replaced the Non-Financial Reporting Directive (NFRD) to address its limitations in scope and reporting requirements. Below are the explanations for each option:
A . False -- The NFRD did not require all companies in the EU to include a non-financial statement. Instead, it applied only to large public-interest entities with 500 or more employees.
B . True -- The NFRD applied to large public-interest entities, including listed companies, banks, and insurance firms with more than 500 employees.
C . False -- The NFRD did not mandate external assurance for sustainability information. The CSRD introduced mandatory assurance at the EU level.
D . False -- The CSRD did not replace the NFRD; rather, it expanded and strengthened reporting requirements. The NFRD was replaced by the CSRD, but not the other way around.
E . True -- The CSRD was introduced to improve the scope and depth of sustainability reporting compared to the NFRD. It expanded the number of entities required to report, standardized disclosures via ESRS, and introduced third-party assurance requirements.
Key Differences Between CSRD and NFRD
Feature
NFRD (Old Directive)
CSRD (New Directive)
Scope
Large public-interest entities (500+ employees)
All large companies + listed SMEs
Assurance
Not required
Mandatory external assurance
Disclosure Requirements
Limited sustainability disclosures
Comprehensive ESRS-based reporting
Reporting Standards
No standardized framework
ESRS-based mandatory framework
Application Date
In force since 2018
Applies from 2024 onwards
Official Reference:
CSRD Directive (EU) 2022/2464 -- Assurance & Reporting Provisions.
ESRS Compilation Explanations January - November 2024.