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Eccouncil ICS-SCADA Exam Questions
- Topic 1: Introduction to ICS/SCADA Network Defense: This topic covers IT security model, ICS/SCADA security model, security posture, risk management, risk assessment and security policy.
- Topic 2: TCP/IP 101: Its primary focus is on TCP/IP network. This topic covers ICS/SCADA protocols, TCP/IP layering, TCP/IP protocol architecture, RFCs and STDs.
- Topic 3: Introduction to Hacking: It discusses scanning, footprinting, intelligence gathering, hacking methodology, exploitation, covering tracks, and enumeration.
- Topic 4: Vulnerability Management: System vulnerabilities, desktop vulnerabilities, CVE, ICS/SCADA vulnerability sites, ICS/SCADA vulnerability uniqueness, and challenges of vulnerability management within ICS/SCADA are its sub-topics.
- Topic 5: Standards and Regulations for Cybersecurity: It discusses ISO 27001, ICS/SCADA, NERC CIP, CFATS, ISA99, and NIST SP 800-82.
- Topic 6: Securing the ICS Network: This topic delves into physical security, monitoring, legacy machines, ISO roadmap, and vulnerability assessment.
- Topic 7: Bridging the Air Gap: It covers guard, Data diode, and next-generation firewalls.
- Topic 8: Introduction to Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) and Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS): The topic covers network node, advantages of IDS, and limitations of IDS.
Free Eccouncil ICS-SCADA Exam Actual Questions
Note: Premium Questions for ICS-SCADA were last updated On Jul. 06, 2026 (see below)
Which of the following is the stance on risk that by default allows traffic with a default permit approach?
In network security, the stance on managing and assessing risk can vary widely depending on the security policies of an organization.
A 'Permissive' stance, often referred to as a default permit approach, allows all traffic unless it has been specifically blocked. This approach can be easier to manage from a usability standpoint but is less secure as it potentially allows unwanted or malicious traffic unless explicitly filtered.
This is in contrast to a more restrictive policy, which denies all traffic unless it has been explicitly permitted, typically seen in more secure environments.
Reference
'Network Security Basics,' by Cisco Systems.
'Understanding Firewall Policies,' by Fortinet.
A Virtual Private Network (VPN) requires how many Security Associations?
A Virtual Private Network (VPN) typically requires two Security Associations (SAs) for a secure communication session. One SA is used for inbound traffic, and the other for outbound traffic.
In the context of IPsec, which is often used to secure VPN connections, these two SAs facilitate the bidirectional secure exchange of packets in a VPN tunnel.
Each SA uniquely defines how traffic should be securely processed, including the encryption and authentication mechanisms. This ensures that data sent in one direction is handled independently from data sent in the opposite direction, maintaining the integrity and confidentiality of both communication streams.
Reference
'Understanding IPSec VPNs,' by Cisco Systems.
'IPsec Security Associations,' RFC 4301, Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol.
Which of the following ports are used for communications in Modbus TCP?
Modbus TCP is a variant of the Modbus family of simple, networked protocols aimed at industrial automation applications. Unlike the original Modbus protocol, which runs over serial links, Modbus TCP runs over TCP/IP networks.
Port 502 is the standard TCP port used for Modbus TCP communications. This port is designated for Modbus messages encapsulated in a TCP/IP wrapper, facilitating communication between Modbus devices and management systems over an IP network.
Knowing the correct port number is crucial for network configuration, security settings, and troubleshooting communications within a Modbus-enabled ICS/SCADA environment.
Reference
Modbus Organization, 'MODBUS Application Protocol Specification V1.1b3'.
'Modbus TCP/IP -- A Comprehensive Network protocol,' by Schneider Electric.
The vulnerability that led to the WannaCry ransomware infections affected which protocol?
WannaCry is a ransomware attack that spread rapidly across multiple computer networks in May 2017.
The vulnerability exploited by the WannaCry ransomware was in the Microsoft Windows implementation of the Server Message Block (SMB) protocol.
Specifically, the exploit, known as EternalBlue, targeted a flaw in the SMBv1 protocol. This flaw allowed the ransomware to spread within corporate networks without any user interaction, making it one of the fastest-spreading and most harmful cyberattacks at the time.
Reference
Microsoft Security Bulletin MS17-010 - Critical: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/SecurityBulletins/2017/ms17-010
National Vulnerability Database, CVE-2017-0144: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-0144
Which of the ICS/SCADA generations is considered monolithic?
The first generation of ICS/SCADA systems is considered monolithic, primarily characterized by standalone systems that had no external communications or connectivity with other systems. These systems were typically fully self-contained, with all components hard-wired together, and operations were managed without any networked interaction. Reference:
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