How is ASK modulation different from FSK modulation?
Key Modulation Differences:
ASK (Amplitude Shift Keying):Digital data is represented by changes in the amplitude (strength) of a carrier wave.
FSK (Frequency Shift Keying):Digital data is represented by changes in the frequency of a carrier wave.
References
ASK:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplitude-shift_keying
FSK:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency-shift_keying
As an RF signal propagates it becomes weaker at any given measurement point as it gets farther away from the transmitter. What concept is described?
Free Space Path Loss (FSPL):Describes how a radio signal weakens as it travels through open space, even without obstacles. It's caused by the signal spreading out, resulting in decreased power density at the receiver.
Calculation:FSPL depends on distance and frequency.
References
Free Space Path Loss:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-space_path_loss
What metric is used to express a relative increase or decrease in signal strength?
Decibel (dB):A logarithmic unit expressing ratios of power or signal strength. It's used in RF contexts due to the wide range of signal levels encountered.
Examples:
dBm:Decibels relative to one milliwatt (power measurement).
dBi:Decibels relative to an isotropic antenna (antenna gain).
References
Decibel:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decibel
What part(s) of the OSI network model does the IETF primarily focus on for the development of standards?
IETF's Focus:The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) primarily develops and standardizes internet protocols operating at the Network Layer (Layer 3) and above in the OSI model.
Key Protocols:Some prominent IETF-developed protocols include:
IP (Internet Protocol):Foundation of internet addressing and routing.
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol):Reliable, connection-oriented data transport.
UDP (User Datagram Protocol):Connectionless, best-effort data transport.
DNS (Domain Name System):Translates domain names into IP addresses.
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol):Web communication.
References
IETF Website:https://www.ietf.org/
OSI Model:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSI_model
You have been asked to consider smart building opportunities for your organization. Which one of these is a benefit of smart building technology?
Smart Building Core Benefit:Smart building technologies primarily aim to optimize a building's operational efficiency through automation and data-driven insights.
Efficiency Examples:
Energy Management:Automated lighting and HVAC control based on occupancy and environmental conditions.
Maintenance:Predictive maintenance through IoT sensors reduces downtime.
Space Utilization:Optimization of space allocation based on real-time usage patterns.
References
Smart Buildings:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_building
Articles on Benefits of Smart Buildings:A quick search will yield many resources detailing these advantages.
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