Which type of ETF is also referred to as smart beta ETF?
Rules-based ETFs, also known as smart beta ETFs, use predetermined rules or algorithms to select and weight securities in their portfolios. These ETFs aim to outperform traditional market-capitalization-weighted ETFs by targeting specific factors such as value, momentum, quality, or volatility.
Characteristics of Smart Beta ETFs:
Strategic Factor Weighting: Securities are weighted based on fundamental or quantitative factors, not just market capitalization.
Higher Returns Potential: These ETFs are designed to capture excess returns (alpha) relative to a benchmark.
Lower Costs: Smart beta strategies often combine active and passive management elements at a lower cost than traditional active funds.
Explanation of Options:
A . Rules-based: Correct answer. Smart beta ETFs are built on rule-based frameworks designed to achieve specific investment objectives.
B . Standard: Refers to traditional, market-cap-weighted ETFs, not smart beta.
C . Synthetic: Refers to ETFs that use derivatives to replicate returns of an underlying index, unrelated to smart beta.
D . Index-based: Includes standard ETFs tracking an index but does not apply specifically to smart beta.
CSC Volume 2, Chapter 19: Smart Beta and Rules-Based ETFs, which describes their unique features, benefits, and strategies.
A business trust would typically purchase the underlying company assets of which type of operation?
A business trust typically acquires the operating assets of businesses such as restaurants, which generate predictable and steady cash flows. Business trusts focus on distributing income to unitholders, and restaurant operations align well with this goal due to their recurring revenue models.
Explanation of Options:
A . Senior Housing: More common for real estate investment trusts (REITs), not business trusts.
B . Restaurants: Correct. Restaurants are suitable for business trusts because of their stable cash flow potential.
C . Industrial Rentals: Typically under REITs, not business trusts.
D . Shopping Centres: Also more commonly associated with REITs.
CSC Volume 2, Chapter 22: Business trusts and the types of operations they typically invest in.
What industry stocks tend to have lower betas than the market?
Beta is a measure of a stock's volatility compared to the overall market. Stocks with lower betas tend to experience smaller price fluctuations relative to the market.
Utilities: Utility companies generally have stable and predictable revenue streams because they provide essential services like electricity, water, and gas, which are always in demand regardless of economic cycles. As a result, utility stocks have lower betas, reflecting their lower sensitivity to market movements.
Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
A . Transportation: Stocks in this sector are more sensitive to economic changes and fuel prices, leading to higher betas.
B . Capital Goods: This sector involves investments in industrial equipment and machinery, which fluctuate with economic cycles and have higher betas.
D . Automobiles and Components: This industry is cyclical and highly dependent on economic trends, leading to higher betas.
CSC Volume 2, Chapter 13: Risk and return in specific industries.
If a mutual fund is set up as a corporation, how much of income generated by the fund flows through directly to the shareholders?
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