What is a primary benefit of implementing Zero Trust (ZT) architecture in cloud environments?
Zero Trust (ZT) security architecture is a modern cloud security approach that operates on the principle of 'Never Trust, Always Verify.'
Primary Benefits of Zero Trust in Cloud:
Minimizes Attack Surface
Traditional security models assume trust within an internal network.
Zero Trust eliminates implicit trust and enforces continuous verification of user identities.
Reduces the risk of data breaches, insider threats, and lateral movement attacks.
Strong Authentication & Access Controls
Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) & Just-in-Time (JIT) access are mandatory in Zero Trust models.
Uses context-based access policies (device, location, behavior analytics) to enforce adaptive security.
Micro-Segmentation & Least Privilege Access
Restricts access to only necessary applications, minimizing lateral movement in cloud environments.
Micro-segmentation isolates workloads, reducing the impact of breaches.
Cloud-Native Zero Trust Integration
Cloud providers (AWS, Azure, Google Cloud) offer Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA) solutions.
Cloud Security Posture Management (CSPM) continuously scans cloud environments for security compliance.
This aligns with:
CCSK v5 - Security Guidance v4.0, Domain 12 (Identity, Entitlement, and Access Management)
Zero Trust Cloud Security Architecture (CSA Zero Trust Working Group).
Which of the following best describes an aspect of PaaS services in relation to network security controls within a cloud environment?
In a Platform as a Service (PaaS) environment, the network security controls of the underlying Virtual Network (VNet) or Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) are often inherited by the PaaS services. This means that the network security settings, such as firewalls, security groups, and access control lists (ACLs), that are applied to the VNet/VPC also extend to the PaaS services, providing a seamless security model.
While PaaS services abstract much of the infrastructure management, they still interact with the network security controls in the VNet/VPC, allowing for centralized management of network security.
PaaS services typically do not override network security controls; they integrate with them. They do interact with VNet/VPC security controls, often integrate with network security controls, and do not always require separate manual configuration.
In the initial stage of implementing centralized identity management, what is the primary focus of cybersecurity measures?
In the initial stage of implementing centralized identity management, the primary focus of cybersecurity measures is to integrate identity management (such as Single Sign-On (SSO), Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), and user directories) and secure devices that interact with the identity management system. This ensures that only authorized users and devices can access the network and resources, helping to establish a strong foundation for secure and efficient identity and access management.
Developing incident response plans is important but typically comes after establishing core security controls like identity management. Implementing advanced threat detection systems is a later stage security measure, after foundational controls like identity management are in place. Deploying network segmentation is a useful security strategy, but it is not the primary focus in the early stages of centralized identity management.
In the context of FaaS, what is primarily defined in addition to functions?
In the context of Function as a Service (FaaS), trigger events are primarily defined in addition to the functions themselves. FaaS allows you to run individual functions in response to events, such as HTTP requests, file uploads, database changes, or messages in a queue. These trigger events initiate the execution of the serverless function, making them a core part of FaaS architecture.
Data storage is not directly defined by FaaS, as storage is typically managed separately (e.g., cloud storage or databases). Network configurations are not the main focus of FaaS, since cloud providers manage the underlying network infrastructure. User permissions may be relevant but are typically handled through identity and access management (IAM), not directly tied to the definition of a FaaS function.
When investigating an incident in an Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) environment, what can the user investigate on their own?
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