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A security architect performs threat modeling of an AI system. The architect needs to determine which attacks can be performed against the system.
Which of the following actions should the architect take next?
Basic Concept: AI-specific threat modeling requires consulting resources that catalogue adversarial attacks specifically developed for AI and ML systems. General cybersecurity frameworks may miss AI-unique attack vectors such as model inversion, data poisoning, and adversarial examples. CompTIA SecAI+ Study Guide identifies MITRE ATLAS as the authoritative source for AI system TTPs.
Why D is Correct: MITRE ATLAS provides a comprehensive, curated knowledge base of adversarial tactics, techniques, and procedures specifically targeting AI and ML systems, derived from real-world attack case studies. Analyzing ATLAS enables the architect to enumerate realistic AI-specific attacks applicable to the system being threat-modeled, which directly answers the question of which attacks can be performed.
Why A is Wrong: Using an LLM to map attack paths introduces uncertainty and potential hallucination risk. LLMs may generate plausible-sounding but inaccurate attack paths and cannot guarantee comprehensive coverage of AI-specific attack techniques.
Why B is Wrong: Quantifying risk of known vulnerabilities is a risk assessment step that occurs after identifying which attacks are possible. The architect must first identify attack possibilities before quantifying their risk impact.
Why C is Wrong: OWASP Top 10 covers web application vulnerabilities and, in its LLM edition, certain LLM-specific risks. However, MITRE ATLAS provides a more comprehensive and structured catalog of AI and ML-specific adversarial TTPs for systematic threat modeling.