Which of the following internal control procedures most likely would deter lapping of collections from customers?
Choice 'c' is correct. Lapping is a defalcation in which a cash shortage is concealed by applying later customer remittances to a receivable account from which money was stolen. Lapping can be deterred by appropriate segregation of duties between receiving cash and posting to the accounts receivable ledger.
This makes it more difficult for the employee who is stealing the cash to cover it up through inappropriate remittance credits.
Choice 'a' is incorrect. Even with a lapping scheme, the dates of cash receipts journal entries and the dates of daily cash summaries would still agree, since the stolen funds would be excluded from both places and subsequent receipts would be included in both places.
Choice 'b' is incorrect. The authorization of write-offs of uncollectible accounts by a supervisor independent of credit approval would not deter lapping, since lapping schemes do not involve write-offs.
Choice 'd' is incorrect. Even with a lapping scheme, the daily cash summary would still agree with the sum of the cash receipts journal entries. Stolen funds would be excluded from both places and subsequent receipts would be included in both places.
An auditor desired to test credit approval on 10,000 sales invoices processed during the year. The auditor designed a statistical sample that would provide 1% risk of assessing control risk too low (99% confidence) that not more than 7% of the sales invoices lacked approval. The auditor estimated from previous experience that about 2.5% of the sales invoices lacked approval. A sample of 200 invoices was examined and 7 of them were lacking approval. The auditor then determined the upper deviation rate to be 8%.
The allowance for sampling risk was:
Choice 'b' is correct. The allowance for sampling risk is the excess of the 8% upper deviation rate over the 3.5% (= 7 200) sample deviation rate, or 4.5%.
Choices 'a', 'c', and 'd' are incorrect, based on the above Explanation: .
Before applying substantive tests to the details of asset accounts at an interim date, an auditor should assess:
An auditor's responsibility to express an opinion on the financial statements is:
Choice 'b' is correct. The auditor's responsibility to express an opinion on the FS is explicitly represented in the last sentence of the opening paragraph: 'Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.'
Choice 'a' is incorrect. The responsibility to express an opinion is explicitly represented (i.e., clearly stated), not implicitly represented (i.e., assumed).
Choice 'c' is incorrect. There are no words in the scope paragraph that represent an auditor's responsibility to express an opinion.
Choice 'd' is incorrect. The opinion paragraph includes the auditor's opinion, but does not specifically mention the auditor's responsibility to express an opinion.
Dunn, CPA, is auditing the financial statements of Taft Co. Taft uses Quick Service Center (QSC) to process its payroll. Price, CPA, is expressing an opinion on a description of the controls placed in operation at QSC regarding the processing of its customers' payroll transactions. Dunn expects to consider the effects of Price's report on the Taft engagement. Price's report should contain a (an):
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