What is the most pertinent item for a cryptoasset money services business to include in a suspicious activity report?
SARs should include detailed transactional information to support investigations, including all types and aggregate amounts of cryptocurrencies purchased, along with fiat currency equivalents. This information provides a clear picture of the subject's activity and financial scale.
Owner names of destination wallets (B) may not be available; onboarding info (D) is supplementary, and fiat aggregate totals (C) alone are insufficient.
FATF and DFSA guidance recommend comprehensive transactional data inclusion in SARs to facilitate law enforcement.
An analyst at a virtual asset service provider (VASP) that white-labels its exchange solution to other cross-border VASPs is developing a VASP onboarding procedure. Under Financial Action Task Force Recommendation 13, which CDD practices should be applied to such relationships? (Select Three.)
FATF Recommendation 13 (Correspondent Banking and Similar Relationships) and its application to VASP--VASP relationships require enhanced due diligence before onboarding. This is because such arrangements carry elevated ML/TF risk, especially in cross-border settings.
Required CDD practices include:
Assess the nature and purpose of the VASP relationship (C): Understand why the relationship is being established and the expected services/products.
Obtain approval from senior management (D): Senior management oversight ensures risk is accepted at the appropriate governance level.
Assess the VASP's supervision and if a license/registration is needed (E): Confirm regulatory oversight, licensing, and compliance with AML/CFT obligations.
Options A and B are not core FATF requirements for CDD in this context --- local authority approval may be a domestic regulatory requirement in some countries, but not a FATF baseline, and profitability assessment is a business decision, not an AML measure.
What is a ''smart contract''?
Smart contracts execute predetermined conditions automatically on blockchain, enabling decentralized applications and services.
Which blockchain feature ensures that once a block is added, it cannot be altered without network consensus?
Hash immutability means that altering any transaction would require changing all subsequent blocks and achieving majority consensus. This security property underpins blockchain integrity and forensic traceability, crucial in AML investigations.
A customer who runs a cryptoasset automated teller machine (ATM) comes into a financial institution and deposits a larger than usual amount. When asked about the deposit, the customer answers there has been broader adoption of cryptoassets in the region where the ATM is located. Which additional information about the business would indicate high risk for money laundering? (Select Two.)
Money laundering risk increases if the business operates in or near high-risk jurisdictions (D) or regions associated with narcotics production (C), as these are common sources of illicit funds.
An increase in volume and users (A) or supporting various cryptoassets (B) alone does not necessarily increase ML risk. Recent licensing (E) may indicate regulatory compliance, potentially lowering risk.
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